Animation: Animation History
Timeline
18,000BC
Cave paintings drawn on walls. Historians believe that these images were made to look like they were moving by the flickering shadows cast on them from the fires.
Cave paintings drawn on walls. Historians believe that these images were made to look like they were moving by the flickering shadows cast on them from the fires.
7,000BC
In China, shadows of puppets are projected onto parchment paper. This is developed into an art form in eastern countries, particularly India.
In China, shadows of puppets are projected onto parchment paper. This is developed into an art form in eastern countries, particularly India.
2,000BC
Greeks drew figures on vases in various stages of movement
Greeks drew figures on vases in various stages of movement
AD
1660s
Magic lanterns were introduced
Magic lanterns were introduced
1830s
The phenakistiscope (spinning wheel with slots in) and the Zoetrope were developed. Many variations on these and other optical toys developed in this period.
The phenakistiscope (spinning wheel with slots in) and the Zoetrope were developed. Many variations on these and other optical toys developed in this period.
1860s
Development of the flip book which led to a coin machine 'viewer' based on a series of photographs being flipped by turning a handle.
Development of the flip book which led to a coin machine 'viewer' based on a series of photographs being flipped by turning a handle.
1880s
Emile Raynaud developed the praxinoscope. This was a spinning drum, rather like a zoetrope, but one in which viewers saw moving images in a series of mirrors rather than through slots.
Emile Raynaud developed the praxinoscope. This was a spinning drum, rather like a zoetrope, but one in which viewers saw moving images in a series of mirrors rather than through slots.
1895
William Harbutt invented plasticine. This is used for model animation - now made famous by Wallace and Gromit and Chicken Run.
William Harbutt invented plasticine. This is used for model animation - now made famous by Wallace and Gromit and Chicken Run.
1897
Arthur Melbourne-Cooper produced an animated commercial for Bird's Custard powder. It is one of the first recorded uses of animation in adverstising.
Arthur Melbourne-Cooper produced an animated commercial for Bird's Custard powder. It is one of the first recorded uses of animation in adverstising.
1914Windsor McCay, a pioneer animator produced the first proper animated film for cinema entertainment called Gertie the Dinosaur. This was a silent film in black and white.
1915
'Cel' or cellulose acetate was developed. This is a clear plastic that enables drawings to be made in layers. This cuts down the amount of drawings needed as drawings can be overlaid.
'Cel' or cellulose acetate was developed. This is a clear plastic that enables drawings to be made in layers. This cuts down the amount of drawings needed as drawings can be overlaid.
1920s
The means for adding sound to film was invented.
The means for adding sound to film was invented.
1928Walt Disney's Mickey Mouse made his first appearance as a character called 'Steamboat Willie'. This was the first successful animated film by the Disney Film Company.
1930s
Colour was added to film. 'Snow White' (1937) became the first full-length animated feature film in colour.
Colour was added to film. 'Snow White' (1937) became the first full-length animated feature film in colour.
1980s
'Tron' was the first animated feature film made by a computer.
'Tron' was the first animated feature film made by a computer.
1990s
Computers are commonly used in all levels of filmmaking. The film 'Toy Story' was the first full-length all-computer-generated animated film.
Computers are commonly used in all levels of filmmaking. The film 'Toy Story' was the first full-length all-computer-generated animated film.
2000
Fantasia 2000 becomes the first full-length animated film to be shown exclusively on the huge IMAX® cinema screens.
Fantasia 2000 becomes the first full-length animated film to be shown exclusively on the huge IMAX® cinema screens.
2002
CGI is mixed with traditional hand-drawn animation to combine the art with the technology in films like Spirit: Stallion of the Cimarron.
CGI is mixed with traditional hand-drawn animation to combine the art with the technology in films like Spirit: Stallion of the Cimarron.
2004
Shrek 2 used the first technical software to make light naturally bounce from one surface to another to create more natural and life-like surroundings.
Shrek 2 used the first technical software to make light naturally bounce from one surface to another to create more natural and life-like surroundings.
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